That part which is nearest the basilica is trapezoid, but rather than fanning out from the facade, it narrows. Bernini balanced the scheme with another fountain in 1675. [25][44], As part of the scheme for the central space of the church, Bernini had the huge piers, begun by Bramante and completed by Michelangelo, hollowed out into niches, and had staircases made inside them, leading to four balconies. The timbers were salvaged for the roof of the Borghese Palace and two rare black marble columns, the largest of their kind, were carefully stored and later used in the narthex. Il Laocoonte ai Musei Vaticani: dalla guerra di Troia un affascinante racconto omerico, Il Torso del Belevedere: la fortuna di una scultura multipla, Lingua dei Segni Italiana ai Musei Vaticani, percorsi per non udenti ai Musei Vaticani, percorsi per non vedenti ai Musei Vaticani, Percorsi senza barriere ai Musei Vaticani, Portatori di disabilità ai Musei Vaticani. La Basilica di San Pietro: un capolavoro dell’arte cristiana donatoci dalla storia. Bernini's plan uses this horizontal axis as a major feature of his unique, spatially dynamic and highly symbolic design. In alternativa, prenotate un tour con audioguida e la coda è bypassata! Grand Bazar, Istanbul in Turchia – visitatori annuali: … In the arms of the cross are set two lead caskets, one containing a fragment of the True Cross and a relic of St. Andrew and the other containing medallions of the Holy Lamb.[25]. [25] (See below). When the Pope gave the commission to Bernini he therefore requested that a new design for the facade's bell towers to be submitted for consideration. Travel Blog St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican city (Rome) Get insights and insider tips What to see best gems in italy. Se desiderate entrare in Basilica, pantaloni lunghi per gli uomini e spalle coperte per le signore, l’abbigliamento appropriato è d’obbligo! (See below for some descriptions of tombs). Le numéro de téléphone est +39 06 6988 3731, ou ouvrez leur site web pour voir les informations pertinentes, L'URL est http://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/san_pietro/index_it.htmLe nom anglais de Basilique Saint-Pierre est St. Peter's Basilica. Basilica di San Pietro, Perugia Picture: Basilica de San Pedro - Check out Tripadvisor members' 17,935 candid photos and videos of Basilica di San Pietro Although the New Testament does not mention St. Peter's martyrdom in Rome, tradition, based on the writings of the Fathers of the Church,[clarification needed] holds that his tomb is below the baldachin and altar of the Basilica in the "Confession". The part of the colonnade that is around the ellipse does not entirely encircle it, but reaches out in two arcs, symbolic of the arms of "the Catholic Church reaching out to welcome its communicants". It is so large that the visual effect is to create a link between the enormous dome which appears to float above it, and the congregation at floor level of the basilica. His execution was one of the many martyrdoms of Christians following the Great Fire of Rome. In 1527 Rome was sacked and plundered by Emperor Charles V. Peruzzi died in 1536 without his plan being realized. Sono fettine di vitello cucinate con burro e vino bianco hanno una bellissima spilla di prosciutto crudo e salvia, tenuti insieme dallo stuzzicadenti. From the left: St. Thadeus, St. Matthew, St. Philip, St. Thomas, St. James the Greater, St. John the Baptist, The Redeemer, St. Andrew, St. John the Evangelist, St. James the Lesser, St. Bartholomew, St. Simeon, and St. Matthias. The scheme begun by Julius II continued through the reigns of Leo X (1513–1521), Hadrian VI (1522–1523). As the chair itself was fast deteriorating and was no longer serviceable, Pope Alexander VII determined to enshrine it in suitable splendor as the object upon which the line of successors to Peter was based. The European mean time also be an attempt to keep the Devil guessing about "the day and the hour. The two distinct areas are framed by a colonnade formed by doubled pairs of columns supporting an entablature of the simple Tuscan Order. The central portal has a bronze door created by Antonio Averulino c. 1440 for the old basilica[57] and somewhat enlarged to fit the new space. La Basilica di San Pietro ha dimensioni colossali: occupa un'area di 22mila metri quadri, la cupola ha un diametro di 42 metri e mezzo ed è alta, fino alla sommità della croce, 136,57 metri. [10][11], The basilica is cruciform in shape, with an elongated nave in the Latin cross form but the early designs were for a centrally planned structure and this is still in evidence in the architecture. Clement VII (1523–1534), Paul III (1534–1549), Julius III (1550–1555), Marcellus II (1555), Paul IV (1555–1559), Pius IV (1559–1565), Pius V (saint) (1565–1572), Gregory XIII (1572–1585), Sixtus V (1585–1590), Urban VII (1590), Gregory XIV (1590–1591), Innocent IX (1591), Clement VIII (1592–1605), Leo XI (1605), Paul V (1605–1621), Gregory XV (1621–1623), Urban VIII (1623–1644) and Innocent X (1644–1655). The elderly painter, Andrea Sacchi, had urged Bernini to make the figures large, so that they would be seen well from the central portal of the nave. Altri reperti sono visibili comprando i biglietti per i Musei Vaticani e visitando le loro sale. (Lateran Treaty of 1929, Article 15 (Ibidem)) However, the Holy See fully owns these three basilicas, and Italy is legally obligated to recognize its full ownership thereof (Lateran Treaty of 1929, Article 13 (Ibidem)) and to concede to all of them "the immunity granted by International Law to the headquarters of the diplomatic agents of foreign States" (Lateran Treaty of 1929, Article 15 (Ibidem)). The entrance is through a narthex, or entrance hall, which stretches across the building. Anche se tecnicamente non si trovano in Italia, in quanto situati nello Stato della Città del Vaticano, se consideriamo i Musei Vaticani tra i musei italiani, sono il più visitato, seguiti dalla Galleria degli Uffizi di Firenze. The Fabbrica or building committee, a group drawn from various nationalities and generally despised by the Curia who viewed the basilica as belonging to Rome rather than Christendom, were in a quandary as to how the building should proceed. It appears that the first pope to consider rebuilding, or at least making radical changes was Pope Nicholas V (1447–55). Si vous avez des commentaires ou des suggestions, veuillez laisser un message ci-dessous. He did not take on the job with pleasure; it was forced upon him by Pope Paul, frustrated at the death of his chosen candidate, Giulio Romano and the refusal of Jacopo Sansovino to leave Venice. The profile of the wooden model is more ovoid than that of the engravings, but less so than the finished product. They all called for a dome to equal that engineered by Brunelleschi a century earlier and which has since dominated the skyline of Renaissance Florence, and they all called for a strongly symmetrical plan of either Greek Cross form, like the iconic St. Mark's Basilica in Venice, or of a Latin Cross with the transepts of identical form to the chancel, as at Florence Cathedral. [29] It contained a very large number of burials and memorials, including those of most of the popes from St. Peter to the 15th century. His dome, like that of Florence, is constructed of two shells of brick, the outer one having 16 stone ribs, twice the number at Florence but far fewer than in Sangallo's design. The top of its dome, at 448.1 feet (136.6 m), also places it as the second tallest building in Rome as of 2016[update]. This was not by accident, as suggested by his critics. The buildings were part of the Benedictine abbey complex of Civate, the Basilica of San Calocero and the churches of San Nazario and San Vito. In niches between the pilasters of the nave are statues depicting 39 founders of religious orders. [43] He is to be regarded as the principal designer of a large part of the building as it stands today, and as bringing the construction to a point where it could be carried through. The excavations revealed the remains of shrines of different periods at different levels, from Clement VIII (1594) to Callixtus II (1123) and Gregory I (590–604), built over an aedicula containing fragments of bones that were folded in a tissue with gold decorations, tinted with the precious murex purple. One of the holiest sites of Christianity and Catholic Tradition, it is traditionally the burial site of its titular, St. Peter, who was the head of the twelve Apostles of Jesus and, according to tradition, the first Bishop of Antioch and later the first Bishop of Rome, rendering him the first Pope. The tower continued to grow, and as the construction began to settle, the first cracks started to appear followed by Urban's infamous public admonishment of his architect. Along the floor of the nave are markers showing the comparative lengths of other churches, starting from the entrance. Questa raffigura San Pietro seduto sopra uno scranno con una tunica che rimanda all’antica Grecia. In the mid-18th century, cracks appeared in the dome, so four iron chains were installed between the two shells to bind it, like the rings that keep a barrel from bursting. Al si sopra delle porte di accesso si trovano tre iscrizioni. The reasons for this, according to James Lees-Milne, are that it was not given enough consideration by the Pope and committee because of the desire to get the building completed quickly, coupled with the fact that Maderno was hesitant to deviate from the pattern set by Michelangelo at the other end of the building. Probably the largest church in Christendom,[3] it covers an area of 2.3 hectares (5.7 acres). Nowadays a long wide street, the Via della Conciliazione, built by Mussolini after the conclusion of the Lateran Treaties, leads from the River Tiber to the piazza and gives distant views of St. Peter's as the visitor approaches, with the basilica acting as a terminating vista. [27], Old St. Peter's Basilica was the 4th-century church begun by the Emperor Constantine the Great between 319 and 333 AD. [61] Its removal to its present location by order of Pope Sixtus V and engineered by Domenico Fontana on 28 September 1586, was an operation fraught with difficulties and nearly ending in disaster when the ropes holding the obelisk began to smoke from the friction. The 19th and early-20th-century architectural revivals brought about the building of a great number of churches that imitate elements of St Peter's to a greater or lesser degree, including St. Mary of the Angels in Chicago, St. Josaphat's Basilica in Milwaukee, Immaculate Heart of Mary in Pittsburgh and Mary, Queen of the World Cathedral in Montreal, which replicates many aspects of St Peter's on a smaller scale. “Tu sei Pietro, e su questa pietra edificherò la mia pietra” così è scritto nel Vangelo secondo Matteo all’interno del Nuovo Testamento. Sites historiques, Si vous avez des commentaires ou des questions, s'il vous plaît Contactez nous. Sites et monuments, Basilique Saint-Pierre est le nom d'une Églises et cathédrales, Sites et monuments, Sites historiques située dans Vatican, Latium, Italie. Abbey of San Pietro al Monte is an ancient monastic complex of Romanesque style in the town of Civate, province of Lecco, Italy.. Each apse had two large radial buttresses, which squared off its semi-circular shape. Hai deciso di trascorrere qualche giorno a Roma e conoscere quello che merita vedere? For this reason, many Popes have, from the early years of the Church, been buried near Pope St. Peter in the necropolis beneath the Basilica. [8] The main difference between Bramante's design and that of the Pantheon is that where the dome of the Pantheon is supported by a continuous wall, that of the new basilica was to be supported only on four large piers. Two curving marble staircases lead to this underground chapel at the level of the Constantinian church and immediately above the purported burial place of Saint Peter. There are also chapels surrounding the dome. [37], Bramante had envisioned that the central dome would be surrounded by four lower domes at the diagonal axes. [3] While it is neither the mother church of the Catholic Church nor the cathedral of the Diocese of Rome (these equivalent titles being held by the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome), St. Peter's is regarded as one of the holiest Catholic shrines. [25], To the east of the basilica is the Piazza di San Pietro, (St. Peter's Square). This in its turn overwhelms us."[12]. Non è tutto, da quest'anno anche le Ville Pontificie hanno aperto le porte ai visitatori. [25][44], Bernini's final work for St. Peter's, undertaken in 1676, was the decoration of the Chapel of the Sacrament. Ci sono però dei sistemi per poter evitare attese così faticose. Like all of the earliest churches in Rome, both this church and its successor had the entrance to the east and the apse at the west end of the building. One observer wrote: "St Peter's Basilica is the reason why Rome is still the center of the civilized world. [25] The central plan also did not have a "dominant orientation toward the east. Coordinates: 45°50′05″N 9°19′09″E / 45.834795°N 9.319303°E / 45.834795; 9.319303, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Civate in “Enciclopedia dell'Arte Medievale” – Treccani, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abbazia_di_San_Pietro_al_Monte&oldid=826712281, Articles lacking in-text citations from November 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, A. Guiglia Guidobaldi, "Civate", voce dell'Enciclopedia dell'Arte Medievale, 1994, reperibile al sito, This page was last edited on 20 February 2018, at 16:48. Esso partiva dalla chiesa e terminava verso una via centrale dalla quale si accedeva: la futura via della Conciliazione. Interior length including vestibule: 693.8 feet (211.5 m), Length of the transepts in interior: 451 feet (137 m), Internal width at transepts: 451 feet (137 m), Internal height of nave: 151.5 feet (46.2 m) high, Total area: 227,070 square feet (21,095 m, Internal area: 163,182.2 square feet (3.75 acres; 15,160.12 m, Height from pavement to top of cross: 448.1 feet (136.6 m), Façade: 167 feet (51 m) high by 375 feet (114 m) wide, Vestibule: 232.9 feet (71.0 m) wide, 44.2 feet (13.5 m) deep, and 91.8 feet (28.0 m) high, The internal columns and pilasters: 92 feet (28 m) tall, The circumference of the central piers: 240 feet (73 m), Outer diameter of dome: 137.7 feet (42.0 m), The drum of the dome: 630 feet (190 m) in circumference and 65.6 feet (20.0 m) high, rising to 240 feet (73 m) from the ground, The ball and cross: 8 and 16 feet (2.4 and 4.9 m), respectively, St. Peter's Square: 1,115 feet (340 m) long, 787.3 feet (240.0 m) wide, Each arm of the colonnade: 306 feet (93 m) long, and 64 feet (20 m) high, The colonnades have 284 columns, 88 pilasters, and 140 statues. The only solution was to build a nave that encompassed the whole space. [59] To hold the sacramental Host, he designed a miniature version in gilt bronze of Bramante's Tempietto, the little chapel that marks the place of the death of St. Peter. The "Chair of Saint Peter", or cathedra, an ancient chair sometimes presumed to have been used by St. Peter himself, but which was a gift from Charles the Bald and used by many popes, symbolizes the continuing line of apostolic succession from St. Peter to the reigning Pope. [8], At this point Antonio da Sangallo the Younger submitted a plan which combines features of Peruzzi, Raphael and Bramante in its design and extends the building into a short nave with a wide façade and portico of dynamic projection. Altro protagonista della tradizione ebraica, il baccalà fritto in pastella è un’istituzione romana dello street food. The pope presides at a number of liturgies throughout the year both within the basilica or the adjoining St. Peter's Square; these liturgies draw audiences numbering from 15,000 to over 80,000 people. Inadatta anche ad accogliere le solenni processioni che vi venivano effettuate. "[54], Another influence on the thinking of both the Fabbrica and the Curia was a certain guilt at the demolition of the ancient building. Hillerbrand, Hans J. Bernini's ingenious solution was to create a piazza in two sections. [22] The dome's soaring height placed it among the tallest buildings of the Old World, and it continues to hold the title of tallest dome in the world. It is the chancel end (the ecclesiastical "Eastern end") with its huge centrally placed dome that is the work of Michelangelo. The central feature is a baldachin, or canopy over the Papal Altar, designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini. [45] Michelangelo has blurred the definition of the geometry by making the external masonry of massive proportions and filling in every corner with a small vestry or stairwell. The aisles each have two smaller chapels and a larger rectangular chapel, the Chapel of the Sacrament and the Choir Chapel. [34] In 1505 Julius made a decision to demolish the ancient basilica and replace it with a monumental structure to house his enormous tomb and "aggrandize himself in the popular imagination". [46], Giacomo della Porta and Domenico Fontana brought the dome to completion in 1590, the last year of the reign of Sixtus V. His successor, Gregory XIV, saw Fontana complete the lantern and had an inscription to the honour of Sixtus V placed around its inner opening. Special thanks to Villanova University in Pennsylvania (USA) for its contribution to the realization of the Virtual Reality Tour of the Basilica of Saint Peter. [38], When Pope Julius died in 1513, Bramante was replaced with Giuliano da Sangallo and Fra Giocondo, who both died in 1515 (Bramante himself having died the previous year). Bramante's dome was to be surmounted by a lantern with its own small dome but otherwise very similar in form to the Early Renaissance lantern of Florence Cathedral designed for Brunelleschi's dome by Michelozzo. The four figures are dynamic with sweeping robes and expressions of adoration and ecstasy. Source: the respective biographical entries on, "Since Nicholas V twenty-seven popes over a span of 178 years had imagined this day. Recently installed commemorative plaques read above the door as follows: PAVLVS VI PONT MAX HVIVS PATRIARCALIS VATICANAE BASILICAE PORTAM SANCTAM APERVIT ET CLAVSIT ANNO IVBILAEI MCMLXXVPaul VI, Pontifex Maximus, opened and closed the holy door of this patriarchal Vatican basilica in the jubilee year of 1975. Basilica San Pietro: i biglietti per la Cappella Sistina ti permettono di accedervi senza passare dall’esterno. Fortunately this problem was noticed by Benedetto Bresca, a sailor of Sanremo, and for his swift intervention, his town was granted the privilege of providing the palms that are used at the basilica each Palm Sunday. In the case of Florence Cathedral, the desired visual appearance of the pointed dome existed for many years before Brunelleschi made its construction feasible. The left clock shows Rome time, the one of the right shows European mean time. It is penetrated visually from every direction, and is visually linked to the Cathedra Petri in the apse behind it and to the four piers containing large statues that are at each diagonal. Bellezze di Roma. Altrimenti mettetevi in coda! Exiled Catholic British royalty James Francis Edward Stuart and his two sons, Charles Edward Stuart and Henry Benedict Stuart, Cardinal Bishop of Frascati, are buried here, having been granted asylum by Pope Clement XI. [8] St. Peter's is one of the four churches in the world that hold the rank of major basilica, all four of which are in Rome. The dome of the Pantheon stands on a circular wall with no entrances or windows except a single door. [52], On 18 February 1606, under Pope Paul V, the dismantling of the remaining parts of the Constantinian basilica began. It has been described as "holding a unique position in the Christian world"[4] and as "the greatest of all churches of Christendom". Vatican Council (1st : 1869-1870 : Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano) Alternative names. A shrine was built on this site some years later. [25] He had, however, ordered the demolition of the Colosseum and by the time of his death, 2,522 cartloads of stone had been transported for use in the new building. Basilica di San Pietro - Città del Vaticano - Roma - Luxurious interior, For a church, the interior is fascinating. He drew on them in developing a grand vision. These towers were never executed above the line of the facade because it was discovered that the ground was not sufficiently stable to bear the weight. Bernini's first work at St. Peter's was to design the baldacchino, a pavilion-like structure 28.74 metres (94.3 ft) tall and claimed to be the largest piece of bronze in the world, which stands beneath the dome and above the altar. In 1607 a committee of ten architects was called together, and a decision was made to extend Michelangelo's building into a nave. The sculptor/architect has, figuratively speaking, taken all the previous designs in hand and compressed their contours as if the building were a lump of clay. The damage was repaired and the statue subsequently placed behind glass. Maderno also tilted the axis of the nave slightly. Ingrediente base per innumerevoli piatti: il quinto quarto è il simbolo dell’ingegno e della creatività derivato dalla scarsità di risorse, rielaborato con orgoglio nelle osterie contemporanee e nelle bistromie di tutta Italia. This gives the effect of countering the visual perspective. [6] One author wrote: "Only gradually does it dawn upon us – as we watch people draw near to this or that monument, strangely they appear to shrink; they are, of course, dwarfed by the scale of everything in the building. Two precious paintings from the old basilica, Our Lady of Perpetual Help and Our Lady of the Column are still being used as altarpieces. [44] In an engraving in Galasso Alghisi' treatise (1563), the dome may be represented as ovoid, but the perspective is ambiguous. Raphael was confirmed as architect of St. Peter's on 1 August 1514. Dopo l’elezione al soglio pontifico di Papa Bergoglio, tutte le principali attrazioni del Vaticano acquistano un nuovo appeal agli occhi dei turisti che mettono piede nella Capitale. L’ingresso alla basilica con il tour permette di saltare le lunghe file di attesa all’esterno. L’architetto negli undici anni successivi riuscì a costruire un porticato di forma ellittica. The apse culminates in a sculptural ensemble, also by Bernini, and containing the symbolic Chair of Saint Peter. Raphael's plan for the chancel and transepts made the squareness of the exterior walls more definite by reducing the size of the towers, and the semi-circular apses more clearly defined by encircling each with an ambulatory. La basilica è letteralmente presa d’assalto e i tempi di attesa sono veramente lunghissimi, a volte estenuanti perché obbligano i visitatori e i pellegrini ad attendere in piedi per ore, sotto il sole infuocato d’estate o la pioggia battente. Its central dome dominates the skyline of Rome. This claim has recently been made for Yamoussoukro Basilica, the dome of which, modelled on St. Peter's, is lower but has a taller cross. Esse rimandano ai tre principali papi che hanno commissionato le opere e la costruzione della Basilica.In fondo alla navata centrale è collocata la statua bronzea. "[44], As it stands today, St. Peter's has been extended with a nave by Carlo Maderno. The second section of the piazza is a huge elliptical circus which gently slopes downwards to the obelisk at its centre. La Cappella Sistina dedicata a Maria Assunta in Cielo, è la principale cappella del palazzo apostolico, nonché uno dei più famosi tesori culturali e artistici della Città del Vaticano, inserita nel percorso dei Musei Vaticani. I campi obbligatori sono contrassegnati *. [2][5], Catholic tradition holds that the basilica is the burial site of Saint Peter, chief among Jesus's apostles and also the first Bishop of Rome (Pope). [44] Banister Fletcher says "No other city has afforded such a wide-swept approach to its cathedral church, no other architect could have conceived a design of greater nobility ... (it is) the greatest of all atriums before the greatest of all churches of Christendom. Questo primo non ha niente a che fare con le palline di patate e farina del nostro immaginario gastronomico abituale. Visually they appear to buttress each of the ribs, but structurally they are probably quite redundant. In one sense, Michelangelo's dome may appear to look backward to the Gothic profile of Florence Cathedral and ignore the Classicism of the Renaissance, but on the other hand, perhaps more than any other building of the 16th century, it prefigures the architecture of the Baroque. The site, presently not occupied by religious, consists of three buildings: the Basilica of San Pietro, the oratory dedicated to St. Benedict, and what was the monastery of … Bernini had to pay the cost for the demolition; eventually the idea of completing the bell towers was abandoned. [41] This plan did not go ahead because of various difficulties of both Church and state. It was over 103.6 metres (340 ft) long, and the entrance was preceded by a large colonnaded atrium. The Papal Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican (Italian: Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano), or simply Saint Peter's Basilica (Latin: Basilica Sancti Petri), is a church built in the Renaissance style located in Vatican City, the papal enclave which is within the city of Rome. Peter and Paul, and every time the Pope imparts the "Urbi et Orbi" blessing to the city and to the world. While its appearance, with the exception of the details of the lantern, is entirely Gothic, its engineering was highly innovative, and the product of a mind that had studied the huge vaults and remaining dome of Ancient Rome. The tomb of Alexander VII, by Gian Lorenzo Bernini, 1671–1678.[63]. Use of our website constitutes acceptance of Privacy cookies terms conditions user agreement. [25], Michelangelo redesigned the dome in 1547, taking into account all that had gone before. [56] The inscription below the cornice on the 1 metre (3.3 ft) tall frieze reads: IN HONOREM PRINCIPIS APOST PAVLVS V BVRGHESIVS ROMANVS PONT MAX AN MDCXII PONT VII(In honour of the Prince of Apostles, Paul V Borghese, a Roman, Supreme Pontiff, in the year 1612, the seventh of his pontificate), (Paul V (Camillo Borghese), born in Rome but of a Sienese family, liked to emphasize his "Romanness. Maderno's last work at St. Peter's was to design a crypt-like space or "Confessio" under the dome, where the cardinals and other privileged persons could descend in order to be nearer to the burial place of the apostle. In the apse, the episcopal Church of St. Peter as it is called the. 264 Interested. E' infatti possibile visitare i giardini di Castel Gandolfo e il Palazzo Apostolico. He made the dimensions slightly different from Michelangelo's bay, thus defining where the two architectural works meet. The oldest bell Rota dates from 1288 and the bourdon called Campanone is rung at Christmas and Easter, on the Solemnity of Sts. St. Peter's Basilica est situé à Vatican City, Italy avec les coordonnées gps 41° 54' 7.884" N and 12° 27' 17.2152" E. Le fuseau horaire de l'endroit est Europe/Vatican. In the towers to either side of the facade are two clocks. For religious, historical, and architectural reasons it by itself justifies a journey to Rome, and its interior offers a palimpsest of artistic styles at their best ..."[13], The American philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson described St. Peter's as "an ornament of the earth ... the sublime of the beautiful."[14]. The dome of St. Peter's rises to a total height of 136.57 metres (448.1 ft) from the floor of the basilica to the top of the external cross. 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